If you’re self-publishing a book, you’ve probably discovered that printing a great-looking book is only part of the process. There’s a whole behind-the-scenes world of publishing details—ISBNs, barcodes, copyright pages—and one question that occasionally comes up is whether you need a Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN).
For most self-published authors, an LCCN is unnecessary. Retailers rely on your ISBN to manage inventory and book data. However, many libraries and school systems do use LCCNs to help discover, acquire, and catalog books. If those markets are part of your distribution strategy then having an LCCN can add a layer of credibility when your book is under consideration.
The good news is that obtaining an LCCN is a straightforward and inexpensive process. Your only real cost is mailing a copy of your book to the Library of Congress after publication. Still, unless you think a large number of libraries or educational institutions will want to acquire your book, it’s probably a step you can skip to save yourself time and effort.
Let’s break in down so you can decide for yourself if an LCCN is right for your book!
What Is an LCCN?
An LCCN (Library of Congress Control Number) is a unique identification number assigned by the Library of Congress to a book’s bibliographic record. Librarians use it to quickly catalog and reference books within library systems. A few important things to know right away:
- An LCCN is not a copyright registration
- It does not provide copyright protection for your content
- It does not replace an ISBN
Think of it as a cataloging tool that makes your book easier for libraries to organize and discover.
What Is a PCN (Preassigned Control Number)?
A PCN is simply an LCCN that’s assigned before your book is published.
Since most books aren’t printed yet when authors apply, the Library of Congress runs the Preassigned Control Number Program. This allows publishers—including self-published authors—to receive an LCCN in advance, place it inside the book, and then send a finished copy to the Library of Congress after printing.
Do You Actually Need an LCCN?
For most self-published authors, an LCCN is an unnecessary additional step. However, if libraries, schools, or educators are part of your target audience, having an LCCN may make a difference.
You do not need an LCCN to:
- Sell your book on Amazon or other online retailers
- Distribute through bookstores
- Register your copyright
- Purchase an ISBN
While optional, there are a number of reasons some self-published authors choose to apply for an LCCN.
1. Easier Library Cataloging and Discoverability
Libraries rely on standardized metadata. A book with an LCCN is faster and easier for librarians to catalog, which lowers the barrier to adding your book to their collection. Because an LCCN helps your book appear accurately in library databases it may make it easier for readers to find.
2. A More Professional Look
Including an LCCN on your copyright page can make your book look more professional. It’s a small detail, but one librarians and educators may notice—especially for self-published titles.
3. It’s Free
The PCN program is free for eligible U.S.-based publishers, including self-published authors. The only cost is the posatage for sending a finished copy of your book to the Library of Congress after publication/printing.
How to Apply for a LCCN (Step by Step)
Applying for an LCCN is simpler than most authors expect:
1. Finalize your title and other metadata
You’ll need your final title, subtitle, author name, format (hardcover, softcover, board book, etc.), and estimated publication date.
2. Apply through the Library of Congress PCN Program
Applications are submitted online through the Library of Congress website.
3. Receive your PCN (LCCN)
Once approved, you’ll receive your control number—usually within a few days.
4. Add the LCCN to your copyright page
This must be done before printing.
5. Mail a copy of your book to the Library of Congress
After your book is printed, you’ll mail one copy to the Library of Congress so they can complete the catalog record.
Does having a PCN guarantee the Library of Congress will catalog my book?
No. Receiving a PCN (and LCCN) does not guarantee that the Library of Congress will fully catalog your book or add it to its permanent collection. The PCN program allows you to include a control number in advance, but the Library of Congress ultimately decides whether to create a full catalog record after reviewing the copy you submit. That said, submitting your finished book is still required, and having a PCN ensures your book can be accurately identified and evaluated.
How to Add your PCN to your Book
Your LCCN should appear on the copyright page, typically on the back of the title page.
A common format looks like this: “Library of Congress Control Number: 2025XXXXXX“
Placement tips:
- Keep it near your ISBN and copyright notice
- Do not place it on the cover
- Use the exact wording provided by the Library of Congress
Frequently Asked Questions about LCCNs
Is an LCCN the same as copyright registration?
No. Copyright registration is handled by the U.S. Copyright Office and protects your intellectual property. An LCCN is strictly for library cataloging.
Can I apply if I’m self-publishing?
Yes. Self-published authors in the United States are eligible for the PCN program.
Will having an LCCN guarantee libraries buy my book?
No—but it may make your book easier for libraries to consider and catalog.
Final Thoughts
For most self-published authors, an LCCN isn’t really necessary, but it can give your book an extra layer of professionalism. If you’re already investing in professional offset printing with PufferPrint, an LCCN is one more way to help your book stand shoulder-to-shoulder with traditionally published titles.
Also, if you believe libraries and schools may be part of your distribution strategy, then applying for an LCCN is a smart (and free) step to add to your publishing checklist.
Just keep in mind: receiving an LCCN does not guarantee that the Library of Congress will catalog your book or add it to its collection. It simply assigns a control number for identification purposes.
